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After assessing an unconscious patient, what is the first step in managing their airway?

  1. Insert an oropharyngeal airway

  2. Perform a tracheostomy

  3. Use the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver

  4. Initiate the recovery position

The correct answer is: Use the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver

In managing the airway of an unconscious patient, the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver is crucial as it helps to open the airway by preventing the tongue from obstructing the pharynx. This technique is effective for maintaining airway patency because it allows for the expansion of the airway and promotes oxygenation, which is essential for any unconscious patient, particularly when there's a risk of airway obstruction. Using this maneuver is often the first intervention before any advanced airway adjuncts are considered. By tilting the head back and lifting the chin, the airway is managed effectively, enabling assessment and further interventions if necessary. It’s especially important to perform this maneuver gently yet firmly to avoid causing any potential spinal injuries, particularly in trauma patients. This approach is foundational in basic life support and is a critical skill taught to all levels of emergency responders, ensuring that they can quickly assess and secure the airway in a variety of situations.