Paramedic National Registry Practice

What is reflex guarding associated with?

1. Pain to parietal peritoneum

2. Acute kidney injury

3. Internally bleeding

4. Visceral pain

The correct answer is: Pain to parietal peritoneum

Reflex guarding is a protective mechanism of the body that occurs in response to abdominal pain, particularly when there is irritation of the parietal peritoneum. When the peritoneum, which lines the abdominal cavity, becomes inflamed, it leads to increased tension in the abdominal muscles as a way to protect the affected area from further injury. This involuntary response helps to minimize movement that could exacerbate the pain or discomfort. In clinical settings, palpation of the abdomen may reveal rigidity or tightening of the abdominal wall, known as guarding, which indicates that the patient is likely experiencing inflammation or irritation in the area. This phenomenon is distinct from the other choices given, which relate to different physiological responses or conditions not primarily associated with this type of muscle response. Understanding reflex guarding is important for paramedics and healthcare providers as it can guide them in assessing the severity and potential causes of a patient's abdominal pain, ultimately aiding in their diagnosis and management.