Paramedic National Registry Practice

Which disease is known to have an increased risk to a baby, fetus, or neonate?

1. Cytomegalovirus

2. Rubeola

3. Rubella

4. Hepatitis

The correct answer is: Rubella

Rubella is a viral infection that is particularly concerning for pregnant women because it can cause serious congenital defects in the developing fetus if contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy. The risk of transmission from the mother to the fetus and the potential for profound impacts on the baby's development make rubella a significant concern. Congenital rubella syndrome can lead to a range of serious health issues, including heart defects, cataracts, deafness, and developmental delays. The other diseases listed have their own sets of risks and complications, but rubella is specifically known for its association with birth defects when a pregnant woman becomes infected. Cytomegalovirus, for example, can also pose risks but tends to be less recognized in relation to public health and vaccination efforts compared to rubella. Rubeola (measles) can lead to complications in the mother and baby, but the congenital risks are less pronounced than those associated with rubella. Hepatitis can affect pregnancy and newborn health, but the specific teratogenic risks that rubella presents are not as significant in the context of congenital anomalies. Thus, rubella stands out as the disease with a known increase in risk to a baby, fetus, or neonate.